Technology Vocabulary

1. science — наука
2. scientist — ученый
3. scientific — научный
4. solve a scientific problem — решать научную проблему
5. space — космос
6. explore space — исследовать космос
7. spaceman (cosmonaut, astronaut) — космонавт
8. spaceship — космический корабль
9. space station — космическая станция
10. space flight — полет в космос
11. space research — исследование космоса
12. space travels — путешествие в космос
13. do a research — проводить исследование
14. researcher — исследователь
15. be known all over the world – известен во всем мире
16. fly into space — летать в космос
17. launch a spaceship (a satellite) — запустить космический корабль (спутник)
18. launch into space — запустить в космос
19. satellite [‘sæt(ə)laɪt] — спутник
20. work in orbit — работать на орбите
21. work in outer space — работать с открытом космосе
22. achieve — достигать
23. achievement in — достижения в …
24. explore — исследовать
25. exploration — исследование
26. space exploration (research) — исследование космоса
27. travel through space — путешествовать в космосе
28. find life on some other planets — найти жизнь на других планетах
29. change people’s lives for the better — изменить жизнь людей к лучшему
30. learn a lot from space research — узнать много из космических исследований
31. high technologies — высокие технологии
32. development of science and technology — развитие науки и техники
33. unpredictable discoveries — непредсказуемые открытия
34. become an inseparable part of our life — стать неотъемлемой частью нашей жизни
35. imagine without various gadgets — представить без разнообразных гаджетов
36. heated arguments — горячие споры
37. make more comfortable and safe — сделать удобнее и безопаснее
38. scaring and unpredictable results — пугающие и непредсказуемые результаты
39. consequences of modern science and technical progress — последствия современной науки и технического прогресса
40. threaten life on the Earth — угрожать жизни на земле
41. threaten the existence of our planet — угрожать существованию нашей планеты

Russia’s Achievements in Space Research

the Space Race — гонка за первенство в области космических исследований

to compete — соревноваться

artificial — искусственный

transmitter — передатчик

to land — высадить

leadership — лидерство

Sergey Korolyov is the most talanted Soviet rocket engineer. He became famous for his achievements in space research in the period between 1950s and 1960s. Those years were known for the Space Race between the USSR and the United States. Korolyov had plans to compete with America to be the first nation to land a man on the Moon, but he died in 1966.

Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite, was launced on October, 1957. It was only 53 cm in diameter, and carried only a simple radio transmitter. The transmitter allowed scientists to track Sputnik as it went round the Earth. But the first artificial satellite burned up in the atmosphere 92 days later.

Sputnik 2 was launched on November 3, 1957 and carried the first living passenger, a dog named Laika. But Laika didn’t come back to the Earth as it had not provided.

The next satellite with living beings was Sputnik 5. It was launched on August 19, 1960 with the dogs Belka and Strelka, 40 mice, 2 rats and a lot of different plants on board. The spacecraft returned to the earth the next day and all the animals were safe.

On April 12, 1961 Yuri Gagarin flew into space and spent 108 minutes there. It was one of the greatest events of the 20th century.

Since that time no one has doubted Russia’s leadership in space exploration. The flights into outerspace allows Russian people to learn a lot from space research.

Answer the questions:

1. Do you think it is neccessary to explore space? Why?
2. What Soviet engineers are the most famous for space research? What for?
3. When was the first satellite launched into space?
4. How many satellites were there in all? What are their names?
5. What can you tell about Yuri Gagarin?

Achievments in Science and Technology

nuclear age — ядерная эпоха

devastating weapons — оружие массового поражения

The 20-th century is called the nuclear age. It’s due to the fact that the man learned to use the power of the atom. He created the most devastating weapon in history and now the stores (запасы) of A-bombs and H-bombs threaten the existence of the whole planet.

be based on — быть основанным

penetrate into — проникнуть в

The exploration of space is based on high technologies which cost a lot of money. However, flights into outer space allow man to penetrate into new spheres of unpredictable discoveries.

overpower — одолеть

incurable diseases — неизлечимые заболевания

cell — клетка

genetic engineering — генная инженерия

cloning — клонирование

Dozens of incurable diseases have been overpowered. The man has penetrated inside the cell and such branch of science as genetic engineering is doing wonders nowadays. However its results are sometimes scary, for example cloning. It has caused heated arguments because of its moral side.

It has turned out to be — Оказалось, что она (виртуальная реальность)

substitute — заменить

The Internet has connected people from all parts of the world. People are getting more and more involved in the computer world. Children forget about all other toys when computer games are at hand. Almost all modern projects, designs and calculations are impossible without computers. The newest invention is the virtual reality, which can be changed according to the wishes of the man. It has turned out to be so attractive that there is a danger that it can substitute the whole world for its users.

be introduced — введены в действие

Nowadays it is difficult to find a person who hasn’t got a mobile phone. Before the invention of the mobile phone (1983), there were only phones which were connected to a phone line. The problem was that it was impossible to contact people if you were on a bus or in a car. Also people couldn’t send text messages to each other. Since the mobile phone was introduced, text messages have changed the way of communication. At present we don’t actually need to call someone.

The first mobile phones were big and heavy, now they are small and light. The chances are that they will become even smaller and lighter in future.

Express your opinion on the following ideas, concerning modern science and its consequences.

1. The Internet has become an inseparable part of people’s everyday life.

2. Virtual reality is the curse of the 21-st century.

3. Exploration of space is very expensive and quite useless.

4. Nuclear energy should be used less and less because of its negative influence on nature.

5. Cloning is the greatest achievement of medicine in the 21-st century.

Watch the video and do the task.

Watch the video and answer the questions

Questions:

1. Who were the first to succesfully create a manned flying machine?

2. What did Marie Curie create?

3. Who made a huge contribution to electric power system industry, robotics, nuclear physics, radar, radio, and computer science?

4. What did Leonardo da Vinci design?

5. Who created the mechanical movable type printing machine?

6. Who discovered the law of gravity and 3 laws of motion?

7. Make a report about some of these famous people.

Watch the video and make a report on Internet